New study confirms a dramatic decrease in infant deaths
Infant deaths from critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) decreased when babies were screened for Congenital Heart Disease at birth.
- a decrease of more than 33 per cent in eight states that mandated screening for CCHD using a test called pulse oximetry.
- And deaths from other or unspecified cardiac causes decreased by 21 per cent.
Pulse oximetry is a simple bedside test to determine the amount of oxygen in a baby’s blood and the baby’s pulse rate. Low levels of oxygen in the blood can be a sign of a CCHD.
About 1 in every 4 babies born with a congenital heart defect has CCHD and will need surgery or other procedures in the first year of life.
In the U.S., about 7,200 babies born each year have one of seven CCHDs
CCHD screening nationwide could save at least 120 babies each year, according to a new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
This study is the first look at the impact of state policies to either require or recommend screening of infants for CCHD at birth.
The study, Association of U.S. State Implementation of Newborn Screening Policies for Critical Congenital Heart Disease With Infant Cardiac Deaths, shows that states that required their hospitals to screen newborns with pulse oximetry saw the most significant decrease in infant deaths compared with states without screening policies.
47 states and D.C. now have mandatory screening policies in place and one additional state, California, requires screening be offered. These results serve as a reminder to hospitals across the country to remain vigilant in their screening for CCHD.
“More families are able to celebrate special milestones in a child’s life thanks to the early identification and treatment of heart defects,” said CDC Director Brenda Fitzgerald, M.D. “Screening newborns for critical congenital heart disease in every state, tribe, and territory will save lives and help babies thrive.”
Without screening by a pulse oximetry reading, some babies born with a congenital heart defect can appear healthy at first and be sent home with their families before their heart defect is detected.
CDC works to identify causes of congenital heart defects, find opportunities to prevent them, and improve the health of people living with these conditions.
For more information on congenital heart defects, visit https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/heartdefects/index.html and https://www.cdc.gov/features/congenitalheartdefects/.
